Toronto Zoo

governed by Toronto Zoo Board of Management; FOI via central portal; no newsroom/annual-report link surfaced on homepage

Current this library's internal records: Guardians of Wild (2028)

Completeness

• Document shelf: 20 rows (17 archived · 0 staged · 0 pending · 3 missing)
• Backgrounder: on file
• Strategy-evolution brief: on file
• Custody audit: 17 of 20 row(s) audited, all clean
• Last verified: 2026-08-03 · this org has NOT had a full discovery-verification pass (our discovery-verification log)

Endpoints

• Website
• Open data: checked — none found
• API: checked — none found
• RSS: checked — none found
• Newsroom: checked — none found
• FOI / access requests: checked — none found

Document shelf (20 rows)

Backgrounder

Source: this library's internal records — a mechanical research draft, not independently reviewed for publication; reproduced as-is.

Toronto Zoo - backgrounder

Backgrounder / 2026-07-30 / registry row: tor-toronto-zoo (this library's government-document registry) / lens file for this org's series briefs

Mandate & statutory basis

The Toronto Zoo is operated by the Board of Management of the Toronto Zoo, described in its own audited financial statements as "a local board established by the City of Toronto" under the City of Toronto Act, 2006, S.O. 2006, c. 11, Sched. A (https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/06c11 — fetched and verified, title confirmed) (Financial Statements of Board of Management of the Toronto Zoo, Year Ended December 31, 2024, Note 1, document id: tor-toronto-zoo-fs-2024). Unlike the TTC, the Act does not name the Zoo in a dedicated section; the City's own agencies listing confirms "City Council establishes agencies under the authority of the City of Toronto Act, 2006" as the general enabling power (toronto.ca/.../agencies/, fetched). The Board's operating rules are set out in Toronto Zoo By-Law No. 24-88, last revised 2011-10-18 (torontozoo.com/tz/about, fetched). ⚠️ still being checked the specific council by-law/date that first constituted the Board as a local board (not resolved this review).

Roles, responsibilities & scope

The Board "operates, manages and maintains the zoological gardens and related facilities known as the Toronto Zoo" under an agreement with the City, which owns the animals in the Zoo's care and is entitled to any Board surplus (and liable for any deficit) under the City of Toronto Act, 2006 (Financial Statements FY2024, Note 1, document id: tor-toronto-zoo-fs-2024). The City classifies it as a "Service Agency," a category "governed by a Board with delegated decision-making authority from City Council" (toronto.ca/.../agencies/, fetched). The Zoo's current mission centres on conservation science, wildlife care, and public education (torontozoo.com/tz/about, fetched).

Governance & reporting line

The Zoo is governed by its own Board of Management operating under municipal by-law, distinct from City departmental management, with City Council retaining ultimate financial responsibility for surpluses/deficits (Financial Statements FY2024, Note 1, document id: tor-toronto-zoo-fs-2024; registry row notes field: "governed by Toronto Zoo Board of Management"). ⚠️ still being checked current Board composition/appointment process — not surfaced on the pages fetched this review.

Budget scale

~$69.8 million total 2024 revenue against ~$71.8 million total 2024 expenses, producing a $1.23 million deficiency of revenue over expenses before additional City transfers (Financial Statements of Board of Management of the Toronto Zoo, Year Ended December 31, 2024, Statement of Operations, document id: tor-toronto-zoo-fs-2024).

Institutional history

The Zoo operates today under the City of Toronto Act, 2006 as a City-established local board, governed by Toronto Zoo By-Law No. 24-88 (revised 2011-10-18) (torontozoo.com/tz/about, fetched); ⚠️ still being checked the Zoo's original opening year and founding instrument (predates current City of Toronto Act framework; not grounded to a primary source this review).

Strategy evolution brief

Source: this library's internal records — a mechanical research draft, not independently reviewed for publication; reproduced as-is.

Toronto Zoo - strategy evolution

2026-08-01 (rolling continuation) / registry: tor-toronto-zoo / grounded in archived copies (cited document id + sha256) / read through our research file for that body

TL;DR: The biggest priority addition is the Strategic Plan 2015-2020, adopted by the Board in November 2014 with a new vision ("Canada's national leader in saving wildlife"), replacing the shorter 2008-2013 "dynamic and exciting action centre" framing. The most consequential unresolved drop is the "Wild for Life" 2012-2017 capital campaign and its named Institute for Wildlife Sciences project, mentioned only in the 2010 and 2011 reports and never named again in any later document — though this may simply reflect a documentary gap rather than an actual retirement, since 2012 itself was never archived. The load-bearing number is City of Toronto general-appropriation funding falling from 28.7% of total revenue in 2008 to 18.5% in 2024, indicating a structural shift toward earned/admission revenue. The open question the brief flags most directly: a 7-consecutive-year annual-report blackout (2016-2022) in the archived series means it cannot be determined whether any strategic plan formally succeeded the 2015-2020 plan, or what became of the Master Plan reported "Approved" in July 2021.

Backgrounder summary

The Toronto Zoo is operated by the Board of Management of the Toronto Zoo, "a local board established by the City of Toronto" under the City of Toronto Act, 2006, governed under Toronto Zoo By-Law No. 24-88 (last revised 2011-10-18). The Board "operates, manages and maintains the zoological gardens and related facilities" under an agreement with the City, which owns the animals in the Zoo's care and is entitled to any Board surplus (and liable for any deficit). The City classifies the Zoo as a "Service Agency" — "governed by a Board with delegated decision-making authority from City Council." Current mission centres on conservation science, wildlife care, and public education. Budget scale per the backgrounder: ~$69.8 million total 2024 revenue against ~$71.8 million total 2024 expenses. The backgrounder flags several open items as unresolved: the specific by-law/date that first constituted the Board, current Board composition/appointment process, and the Zoo's founding year/instrument.

Series inventory

Registry our document registry carries 20 total rows for registry id==tor-toronto-zoo: 10 with archive_status: archived (all 10 appear in _index.json and as .txt files in gse_extract/) and 10 with archive_status: missing, each flagged ⚠️ still being checked — the web archive was unreachable when we looked (dated 2026-07-23) — annual reports for 2007, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2024 were never fetched at all, not merely extracted-and-failed. These 10 missing rows are not part of the archived series and carry no sha256; they are addressed further in Residuals & gaps.

All 10 archived documents were opened and read in full. All 10 yielded real, substantive, on-topic content — no 404 stubs or blank captures were found in this org's set.

Caveat on ar-2023: this capture is a Framer-hosted microsite (torontozoo-2023.framer.website), and its extracted text contains extensive verbatim triplication of many passages (scroll-triggered animation sections rendering the same text multiple times in the underlying DOM) — a source-site artifact, not a corruption of the actual content, which was legible and coherent everywhere sampled. Its embedded Statement of Operations table, however, has genuinely corrupted column alignment (see Residuals & gaps) and was not used for line-item figures.

Priority evolution

2008 (ar-2008, 5085cc1c3aee): The Zoo frames itself around a "Green Plan," described as a "bold commitment to making a difference in conservation and environmental stewardship" launched in 2007, covering greenhouse-gas reduction, green purchasing, green education programming, and local ecosystem work in Rouge Park. The vision statement of record is "The Toronto Zoo is Canada's premier zoo, known for its interactive education and conservation activities." In 2008 the Board restructured fundraising onto a "development model used commonly in other zoos, cultural institutions and universities," assuming the fundraising programs previously run by the separately incorporated Toronto Zoo Foundation. City of Toronto general appropriation was $11,720,153 against total revenue of $40,828,836 (28.7% of revenue).

2009 (ar-2009, 23559c6e1351): The vision statement changes to "The Toronto Zoo will be a dynamic and exciting action centre that inspires people to love, respect and protect wildlife and wild spaces." Numeric Green Plan targets appear for the first time: reduce greenhouse-gas emissions "6% below 1990 levels by 2012, and 95% below 1990 levels by 2027." CEO Calvin White retires after 23 years; Board member Peter Evans becomes Interim CEO. The Tundra Trek exhibit opens, later described (ar-2010) as the completed "first priority" of the Zoo's 10-year revitalization plan.

2010 (ar-2010, a2e490b0a5a8): John Tracogna becomes CEO in March 2010, arriving from Ontario Place Corporation after 20 years with the City of Toronto in tourism/economic-development roles. The 10-year revitalization plan's first priority (Tundra Trek) is reported complete; a new capital campaign (2012-2017), valued at $50 million, is announced, targeting a new Institute for Wildlife Sciences, "high-quality Canadian and Eurasian wildlife experiences," and named new priorities: Hippo House & Exhibit, Outdoor Orangutan Exhibit, and a Reproductive Centre.

2011 (ar-2011, 16ecf8f1ba66): Governance change: in April 2011 the City of Toronto adopted a new public-appointments policy for its boards and agencies "to increase citizen engagement and to bring wider and deeper expertise"; in September 2011 City Council nominated six new citizen members to the Zoo Board (Cal Bricker, Tonie Chaltas, Paul Doyle, Sabrina Fiorellino, Michael Ho, Joshua Vinegar). Separately, "in the fall of 2011, the Board of Management began a process to review other operating models and best practices for the Zoo, to make it more financially sustainable." The 2012-2017 capital campaign is named "Wild for Life," explicitly scoped to a revitalized Canadian Wilderness domain, a complete Eurasia-experience redesign, and "a state-of-the-art Wildlife Health Centre."

2013 (ar-2013, f2500657d4fe): The report states the Zoo's "priorities have increasingly broadened beyond its borders and focused on saving and protecting species through wildlife care, research and education throughout Canada and the world." Capital fundraising priority for the year is the new Giant Panda Experience, following the arrival of pandas Er Shun and Da Mao (corroborated as a five-year loan arrangement in ar-2015).

2014 (ar-2014, 345d26f9bcb5): Marking the Zoo's 40th anniversary, the Board of Management passes a new five-year Strategic Plan (2015-2020) after a consultant-led process (Lord Cultural Resources and Williams & Shultz). This establishes a new vision — "Canada's national leader in saving wildlife to help ensure the rich diversity of nature for future generations" — and new mission — "A living centre for education and science, committed to providing compelling guest experiences and inspiring passion to protect wildlife and habitats" — replacing the 2008-2013 "dynamic and exciting action centre" vision language. Six core values are adopted (conservation, excellence, innovation, collaboration, passion, integrity) alongside seven named strategic goals: conservation impact, guest engagement, governance, financial stability, strategic alliances, people, and understanding/caring.

2015 (ar-2015, 2c653204d77a): The 2015-2020 Strategic Plan is confirmed adopted by the Board of Management in November 2014. The report traces the Plan's origin explicitly to City Council: "In October 2013, Toronto City Council considered a report regarding the future governance structure of the Toronto Zoo. Council recommended that the Toronto Zoo remain as a City board and made several recommendations to strengthen the governance structure. The need for a Strategic Plan and a Master Plan was emphasized in the report and Council endorsed these recommendations." Construction begins on a 32,000-square-foot Wildlife Health Centre (the Wild for Life campaign's flagship 2011-named project). Giant panda twin cubs are born October 13, 2015.

2021 (oth-2021, 753ef4610fc0): A Master Plan webpage documents a Master Plan project that began Fall 2020 (consultant Mandaworks of Montreal, with Ralph Appelbaum Associates, Re:Public Urbanism, Town Square, and Momentum), running background research, internal stakeholder workshops (January 2021), a public online survey (closed March 23, 2021), and a public webinar (March 25, 2021). A parallel "Technology Transformation and Innovation Master Plan," developed with consultant WSP, is described as providing "a technology roadmap for the Zoo" and establishing "the priority for how and when technology improvements are implemented." Per the page's own Project Milestone Tracker, the Master Plan was "Submitted" (June 2021) and "Approved" (July 2021).

2023 (ar-2023, 1847756fcae1): CEO framing shifts to "our fight against extinction" language; no mention of the 2015-2020 Strategic Plan or the 2020-21 Master Plan appears anywhere in this document. New priority content not present in earlier archived reports: a public animal-welfare-policy position, joining World Animal Protection Canada, the Association of Municipal Managers, Clerks and Treasurers of Ontario (AMCTO), and the Municipal Law Enforcement Officers' Association (MLEOA) to call for "tougher regulations and meaningful enforcement around captive wildlife, including roadside zoos" in Ontario; an active Indigenous Relations function (documented leading a ceremony, grounded in Anishnaabe and Tsimshian teachings, for a deceased Grizzly bear); and an Equity, Diversity, Inclusion and Accessibility (EDIA) program with regular staff information sessions and a new Learning Management System. The outdoor orangutan habitat ("Orangutans of Gunung Leuser, Guardians of the Rainforest") opens after "years of planning and construction," and the Zoo undergoes AZA reaccreditation.

2024 (fs-2024, 64925b743447): Per the audited financial statements, total 2024 revenue reached $69,807,671 against total expenses of $71,802,698 — a deficiency of revenue over expenses before additional transfers of $(1,995,027). After a $547,463 "additional transfer from City of Toronto" and $213,813 of employee-future-benefits funding, the final result was a deficiency of $(1,233,751). City of Toronto general-appropriation funding was $12,939,620 actual (against a $12,958,621 budget) — 18.5% of total revenue, down from 28.7% in 2008 (ar-2008, 5085cc1c3aee), indicating a structural shift of the Zoo's funding mix toward earned/admission revenue over the archived series.

Priorities added, dropped, renamed

• Added — Green Plan sustainability framework: first described as a 2007 commitment in ar-2008 (5085cc1c3aee), with numeric GHG targets (6% below 1990 levels by 2012; 95% below 1990 levels by 2027) added in ar-2009 (23559c6e1351).
• Added — "10-year revitalization plan" / "Wild for Life" capital campaign (2012-2017): first priority (Tundra Trek) reported complete in ar-2010 (a2e490b0a5a8); the campaign is named "Wild for Life" and scoped to Canadian Wilderness domain renewal, Eurasia-experience redesign, and the Wildlife Health Centre in ar-2011 (16ecf8f1ba66).
• Added — Strategic Plan 2015-2020 (vision/mission/values/7-goal framework): absent from ar-2008 through ar-2013 (5085cc1c3aee through f2500657d4fe), which used the shorter "vision of the Toronto Zoo" / "green vision" framing; adopted by the Board in November 2014 and first reported in ar-2014 (345d26f9bcb5), confirmed with adoption date in ar-2015 (2c653204d77a).
• Added — Master Plan and Technology Transformation and Innovation Master Plan: launched Fall 2020 per its own project page, reported "Approved" July 2021 (oth-2021, 753ef4610fc0); this Master Plan process is traceable back to a City Council direction reported retrospectively in ar-2015 (2c653204d77a, "the need for a Strategic Plan and a Master Plan was emphasized" in an October 2013 Council report).
• Added — Lumina Project (seasonal light-experience revenue stream): authorized by City of Toronto motion March 2019, funded by a $5,000,000 City-approved withdrawal from Toronto Foundation undesignated funds, extended for a fourth year in 2022 "to allow for additional guest participation due to the closures related to Covid-19," and formally ended June 2023 with remaining net assets transferred to the Operating Fund (fs-2024, 64925b743447, Note 1).
• Added — public animal-welfare policy advocacy (roadside-zoo regulation) and Indigenous Relations / EDIA programming: first appear in the archived series in ar-2023 (1847756fcae1); given the 2016-2022 documentary gap, an earlier start date for any of these cannot be ruled in or out from the archived record.
• Renamed — organizational vision statement: from "The Toronto Zoo will be a dynamic and exciting action centre that inspires people to love, respect and protect wildlife and wild spaces" (ar-2009 through ar-2013, 23559c6e1351 through f2500657d4fe) to "Canada's national leader in saving wildlife to help ensure the rich diversity of nature for future generations" (ar-2014 onward, 345d26f9bcb5).
• Dropped or discontinued in the record — "Wild for Life" capital-campaign branding and its named Institute for Wildlife Sciences project: named only in ar-2010 and ar-2011 (a2e490b0a5a8; 16ecf8f1ba66); no later archived document (ar-2013, ar-2014, ar-2015, ar-2023) uses either name again. ⚠️ still being checked — whether this reflects an actual retirement of the campaign or simply the 2012 documentary gap (ar-2012 is one of the unarchived years); the Wildlife Health Centre project it named does continue and is completed per ar-2015.
• Dropped or discontinued in the record — the 2007-era numeric GHG-reduction targets: stated only in ar-2009 (23559c6e1351); not repeated in any later archived document. ⚠️ still being checked — no evidence either that the targets were met, missed, or formally superseded within this series.

Budget & mandate inflection points

• 2007-2008 — Green Plan sustainability commitment launched; Board assumes the Toronto Zoo Foundation's fundraising programs, restructuring onto a "development model" (ar-2008, 5085cc1c3aee).
• 2009 — CEO Calvin White retires after 23 years; Peter Evans becomes Interim CEO (ar-2009, 23559c6e1351).
• March 2010 — John Tracogna becomes CEO (ar-2010, a2e490b0a5a8).
• 2010-2011 — $50 million capital campaign (2012-2017) announced and named "Wild for Life," targeting Canadian Wilderness domain renewal, Eurasia-experience redesign, and the Wildlife Health Centre (ar-2010, a2e490b0a5a8; ar-2011, 16ecf8f1ba66).
• April 2011 — City of Toronto adopts a new public-appointments policy for its boards and agencies, increasing citizen representation on the Zoo Board (ar-2011, 16ecf8f1ba66).
• September 2011 — City Council nominates six new citizen members to the Zoo Board of Management (ar-2011, 16ecf8f1ba66).
• 2013 — Giant pandas Er Shun and Da Mao arrive on a five-year conservation-breeding loan, becoming the year's capital-fundraising priority (ar-2013, f2500657d4fe; ar-2015, 2c653204d77a).
• October 2013 — Toronto City Council reviews the Zoo's governance structure, recommends it remain a City board, and directs preparation of both a Strategic Plan and a Master Plan (reported retrospectively in ar-2015, 2c653204d77a).
• November 2014 — Board of Management adopts the 2015-2020 Strategic Plan, with new vision, mission, values, and a 7-goal framework (ar-2014, 345d26f9bcb5; ar-2015, 2c653204d77a).
• 2015 — Construction begins on the 32,000-square-foot Wildlife Health Centre; giant panda twin cubs born October 13 (ar-2015, 2c653204d77a).
• March 2019 — City of Toronto authorizes the Lumina Project (seasonal light experience), funded by a $5,000,000 draw from Toronto Foundation undesignated funds (fs-2024, 64925b743447, Note 1).
• Fall 2020 - July 2021 — Master Plan and Technology Transformation and Innovation Master Plan process runs; Master Plan reported "Approved" July 2021 per its own milestone tracker (oth-2021, 753ef4610fc0).
• 2022 — Lumina Project extended a fourth year "due to the closures related to Covid-19" (fs-2024, 64925b743447, Note 1).
• June 2023 — Lumina Project agreement ends; remaining net assets transferred from the Lumina Fund to the Operating Fund (fs-2024, 64925b743447, Note 1).
• FY2023 — Total revenue $62,163,365 against total expenses $63,034,643, final excess of revenue over expenses $785,086 (fs-2024, 64925b743447, comparative column).
• FY2024 — Total revenue $69,807,671 against total expenses $71,802,698; deficiency before additional transfers $(1,995,027); after a $547,463 additional City transfer and $213,813 of employee-future-benefits funding, final deficiency $(1,233,751) (fs-2024, 64925b743447).
• 2008 → 2024 — City of Toronto general-appropriation funding falls from 28.7% of total revenue ($11,720,153 of $40,828,836) to 18.5% ($12,939,620 of $69,807,671), indicating a structural shift toward earned/admission revenue over the archived series (ar-2008, 5085cc1c3aee; fs-2024, 64925b743447).

Ontario/Toronto relevance

This org's Toronto/Ontario relevance is not inferred — it is the archived text's own subject matter throughout. Every document in the series is a Toronto Zoo publication or the City of Toronto's own audited financial statement for it; the site itself sits at "the doorstep of the Rouge National Urban Park, Canada's newest park" in Scarborough (ar-2013, f2500657d4fe). Municipal governance actions are documented directly: the City of Toronto's new boards-and-agencies public-appointments policy and City Council's September 2011 citizen-member nominations to the Zoo Board (ar-2011, 16ecf8f1ba66); an October 2013 Toronto City Council report on the Zoo's governance structure, which recommended the Zoo remain a City board and directed a Strategic Plan and Master Plan (ar-2015, 2c653204d77a); and a March 2019 City of Toronto motion authorizing the Lumina Project along with a City-approved $5,000,000 withdrawal from Toronto Foundation funds (fs-2024, 64925b743447). Every dollar of "Funding from City of Toronto" and every surplus/deficit allocation in the financial statements flows through the City of Toronto Act, 2006 relationship described in fs-2024's Note 1 (64925b743447). Provincial (Ontario) relevance appears as a secondary, narrower thread within the same Toronto-centred record: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources officials attending Zoo events (ar-2008, 5085cc1c3aee; ar-2009, 23559c6e1351), the Zoo's recognition by the Ontario government as a private school for high-school credit courses (ar-2010, a2e490b0a5a8), and 2023 joint advocacy addressed to Ontario's regulatory framework for captive wildlife, made alongside two Ontario municipal associations (AMCTO and MLEOA) (ar-2023, 1847756fcae1).

Residuals & gaps

• True extraction/usable-content rate: 10 of 10 archived documents (100%) yielded real, substantive, on-topic content, confirmed by direct reading of every .txt file — no 404 stubs, paywalls, or blank captures were found in this org's archived set. This is a materially different outcome from the pattern flagged in the task brief's "known situation": every one of the 10 files opened contained genuine annual-report narrative, audited financial-statement text, or Master Plan webpage copy.
• However, at the full-registry level only 10 of 20 registered rows (50%) were ever archived at all. The other 10 rows — annual reports for 2007, 2012, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2024 — carry archive_status: missing and flag ⚠️ still being checked — the web archive was unreachable when we looked (dated 2026-07-23, predating this review); they were never fetched, not merely extracted-and-failed. This creates a 7-consecutive-year annual-report blackout (2016-2022) inside the archived series, plus isolated gaps at 2007 and 2012, and means the Zoo's own 2024 annual report (as distinct from its audited financial statements, which are archived) is not present.
• ar-2023's embedded Statement of Operations table has corrupted column alignment. Expense-category labels (e.g., "Conservation, education and wildlife," "Marketing and communications") are paired with numeric values identical to unrelated revenue-line figures listed earlier in the same extracted table (e.g., the "Conservation, education and wildlife" expense row repeats the exact "Admission" revenue figures) — a PDF/table-to-text extraction artifact, not a source-document error. No per-category expense figures from ar-2023 were cited in this brief for that reason; only its top-line totals were used, and only after cross-validating them against fs-2024's clean 2023 comparative column, where they matched exactly ($62,163,365 revenue / $63,034,643 expenses / $785,086 final excess in both).
• ar-2023's underlying source (a Framer microsite) produces verbatim text triplication in the extracted .txt (e.g., one welfare-messaging passage appears 8 times; several narrative blocks appear 3 times), consistent with scroll-triggered animation sections rendering the same text multiple times in the page DOM. This did not prevent reading the content — every distinct passage sampled was legible and coherent — but it inflates the file's raw character count relative to its unique-content volume.
• ⚠️ Still being checked: the org backgrounder characterizes the FY2024 "$1.23 million deficiency of revenue over expenses" as occurring "before additional City transfers." Per fs-2024's own Statement of Operations (64925b743447), the deficiency BEFORE the "additional transfer from City of Toronto" and employee-future-benefits funding lines is actually $(1,995,027); the $(1,233,751) figure is the FINAL, POST-transfer result. This brief uses fs-2024's own sequencing throughout; the backgrounder's characterization of which figure is pre- vs. post-transfer appears inverted.
• ⚠️ Still being checked: whether the "Wild for Life" 2012-2017 capital campaign and its named Institute for Wildlife Sciences project were completed, renamed, or discontinued — the campaign name does not appear in any archived document after ar-2011 (16ecf8f1ba66), and the one year that might have shown a transition (2012) is itself unarchived.
• ⚠️ Still being checked: whether any Strategic Plan formally succeeded the 2015-2020 plan, and what became of the Master Plan after its reported July 2021 approval (oth-2021, 753ef4610fc0) — ar-2023, the most recent narrative document in the archived series, names neither a Strategic Plan nor a Master Plan anywhere in its text.
• ⚠️ Still being checked: current Board of Management composition and appointment process, and the specific by-law/date that first constituted the Board — both already flagged as unresolved in the backgrounder and not further resolved by this reading pass.
• A pension-plan deficit of $2.9 billion cited in fs-2024 (64925b743447, note on employee future benefits) belongs to the province-wide OMERS multi-employer pension plan, not to the Toronto Zoo specifically — noted here so it is not mistaken for a Zoo-specific budget signal.